人工基质在对虾养殖中的应用

目前中国对虾养殖业快速发展,同时也伴随近海养殖水体日益恶化、抗生素和化学药物被滥用和水产品食品安全等一系列问题。这些问题严重制约着对虾集约化养殖的可持续发展,因此选择一种更加健康、绿色和安全的养殖模式显得尤为重要。作者通过介绍人工基质这种新型水处理技术表面生物膜的结构和形成过程,探讨了其功能性(水质调节、饲料补充和病害防治)机理,对其在对虾养殖业中的实际应用做了展望。

Review of application of artificial substrates in shrimp culture

This article briefly reviews the current penaeid shrimp farming model, which caused a series of problems, such as environmental pollution, drug abuse, and food insecurity. This article also introduces the periphyton-based biofilm technology, which is a newly developing shrimp wastewater treatment technology, along with a detailed discussion on biofilm structure and its formation process. The functional mechanisms (water quality control, feed supplement, biosecurity, and disease defense) of artificial substrates are also discussed. Finally, several related discussions are provided according to the problems such as artificial selection, addition proportion, artificial regulation of biofilm communities, and the surface-immobilized microorganism technology in practical application.