中国华北山地的层状地貌与喜马拉雅构造运动

层状地貌是在较短的距离内 ,从海岸到山顶的坡面上多级分布的阶梯状地貌。一般来说 ,它反映了地壳的构造运动。但并不是所有的层状地貌都是这样。只有地壳活动时期的火山喷发、砾石扇和地壳稳定时期的风化壳、古河道发育的层状地貌才能表明地壳的一次大的构造运动。据此认为 ,中国华北山地的喜马拉雅运动起始于始新世 ,至渐新世结束了第一幕。中新世是喜马拉雅运动的较激烈期 ,至上新世结束了第二幕。自第四纪进入了第三幕的第一亚幕 ,也就是新构造运动。自晚更新世进入了第三幕的第二亚幕 ,即最新构造运动。现在 ,第三幕尚未结束

Stratiform Geomorphology and Himalayan Tectonic Movement on the North China Mountains

On North China Mountains, stratiform geomorphology is the terraced multi platforms displayed along the slope within a short distance from the seashore to the mountain top. In general, these platforms reflect the tectonic movement. But a tectonic movement is only characterized by volcanic eruption and gravel fan at its early stage (active stage) and by weathering crusts and stratum in palaeochannels at its late stage (stable stage). On North China Mountains, Himalayan movement started at Eocene and ended its first stage at Oligocene; the second stage started at Miocene, which was more active period, and finished at Pliocene; the third stage which is New Tectonic movement started from Quaternary and can be further divided into two parts. The first part is started in Early Pleistocene; the second part is from late Pleistocene, which is the latest new tectonic movement and still in action.