不同尺度生态学中植物叶性状研究概述

植物叶性状与植物个体、群落、生态系统功能的基本行为和功能具有密切相关性,可反映植物适应环境变化所形成的生存对策。目前有关叶性状的研究非常多,从不同尺度（个体尺度、功能群尺度、群落尺度和区域及全球尺度）对叶的性状进行了研究。个体尺度叶性状的研究着重于揭示单个或多个植物种叶性状对不同环境因子（如温度、土壤水分等）的响应;不同功能群之间植物性状的分异表明环境因子对功能群而言存在选择压力（如低氮）,但在功能群内部,选择压力较弱;随群落结构的改变,群落叶性状平均值和建群种叶性状均存在显著变化;大尺度（区域和全球）的研究有助于定量化阐述叶性状分异规律及其与气候等环境因子之间的相关性。目前的研究没有从机理上阐述清楚植物叶性状对环境因子的响应、群落构建过程中植物叶性状的指示作用、叶性状分异的生物地理格局等,在未来的研究中应予以更多关注。

Research Advances of Plant Leaf Traits at Different Ecology Scales

Plant leaf traits are associated with fundamental behavior and function of plant individual, community, and ecosystem. It can reflect plant survival strategy response to different environmental factors. We synthesize the research advance on leaf traits at different ecology scale, such as individual scale, functional group scale, community scale and global scale. Individual scale focuses on the leaf traits response to environment factor or muti-factors, such as temperature, soil moisture and soil nutrient. The differences of leaf traits occur among different functional groups, it probably is an outcome of environment selection, and the selective pressure is relatively weak within each group. As the community structure changes, the leaf traits average value of the community and the leaf traits of the dominate species also changes. Studies at large-scale reveal that high level of trait disparity is observed within community, compared with the variation among sites that may reflect large-scale climatic factors. Although ecologist quantitatively compares some variations on different scales, but these differences are implicit, and they are rarely explicitly stated. Further studies should focus on how plant leaf traits response to muti-enviroment factors? What's the plant leaf traits functional behavior in the community assembly processes? Are there biogeographically patterns of global leaf traits? Ecological relationships also differ among scales. Plant trait correlations could also be scale-dependent, in other words, how scaling leaf traits data from individual to community or global scale should be explicitly stated.