历史城镇的旅游商业化研究

在实地调查苏州周庄古镇和云南丽江古城主要街道沿街铺面的基础上,通过对比不同时期的丽江古城的商业状况,以及丽江古城与周庄的商业状况,运用城市地租理论和集体选择理论,对历史城镇的旅游商业化进行动态的分析,结论是在缺乏外来预见性的干预下,旅游商业化出现在历史城镇中不可避免。通过同里的案例,表明在历史城镇的旅游开发过程中,政府的干预扮演比较重要的角色,政府的前瞻性措施能够控制旅游商业化。

Studies on Tourism Commercialization in Historic Towns

This paper analyzes the current commercial status quo in the tourist historic towns of Zhouzhuang and Lijiang in China by using first-hand data. It examines the present use of historical buildings in the two towns in order to investigate the relationship between tourism and the use of buildings. In 2002, 682 building units in Lijiang, accounting for nearly 70% of all units in the main streets, were used for commercial purposes catering tourists; while 10.42% of the buildings catered local residents. These findings suggest that Lijiang has become a tourism-oriented town and its traditional culture is being threatened by tourism. This applies to Zhouzhuang, which attracted 1.5 million tourists in 2000, when 67.02% of building units in the main streets were used to cater tourists, while only 7.28% of them served local residents.A comparison with the use of historic buildings in 2000 and 2002 in Lijiang reveals that commercial units have been increasing rapidly. Tourism plays a key role in this process. As a result, tourism commercialization has taken place in Lijiang. The same case is also true for Zhouzhuang.