昆仑山西段中国─巴基斯坦公路沿线构造地质

路线横穿昆仑山西段和喀喇昆仑山北坡，全长420km。穿越了塔里木地块西南缘、库地地块和羌塘地块，并可见到它们之间的构造带。可见到塔里木地块中晚元古代结晶基底（锆石U—Pb年龄为2100Ma）；这三个地块内各个不同时代的地质构造变形；海相中、新生代地层;碱性花岗岩和二长花岗岩（12～11Ma）；石炭─二叠纪、三叠纪及侏罗纪基性火山岩和枕状玄武岩及构造蚀变岩，如糜棱岩、石榴石片岩以及二叠纪形成于冈瓦纳古陆的含砾板岩、硅质板岩等。该路线还能见到密集岩脉群及火山岩脆性变形与韧性变形、康西瓦构造带和塔什库尔干断裂带壮观地貌，在喀拉库勒猢一带可见到慕士塔格和公格尔山的冰川地貌。在塔哈曼可参观温泉产出状况。在卡拉其古附近可见到4～5级河床阶地，说明该区第四纪以来一直在趋于上升。

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY ALONG THE SINO-PAKISTAN HIGHWAY IN THE WESTERN KUNLUN MOUNTAINS

This trip will cross the western pot of the Kunlun Mountains and the northern slope of theKarakorum Mountains with a total length of about 420 km. It traverses the southwestern edge of the TarimBlock,Kuda Block and Qiangtang Block,as well as the suture sones between these blocks. During this trip,participants wi11 examine the Middle and Late Proterozoic crystalline basement(2 100 Ma),structural deformations within the three blocks of various geological ages,the marine strata of the Meso-Cenozoic,the alkaligranite and monzonitic granite(12-11 Ma),the basic volcanic rocks and basalt pillows of the Permian . Triassic and Jurassic,the dynamo-metamorphosed rocks such as mylonite and biotite-ganet schists, the Gondwanatype pebbly slate and siliceous slate of the Permian. On this route,participante will also see swarms of diabasedykes,the brittle and ductile deformations of volcanic rocks, the Kangxiwar fault zone .the glacier geomorphology of Mount Muztagata and Mount Kongur near the Karakol Lake. Hot springs in Tagarma and multistep terraces near Karaqiqu which indicate the continuous uplift in the Quaternary can be seen. The famousAbkhoja Tomb,Idkha Mosque,Mahemud Kashigeli Tomb and Stone Castle will be visited around the KashiCity,a pivotal point on the Old Silk Road.