岷江上游山地森林生态气候效应

为探讨岷江上游地区山地气候特征及森林生态气候效应，利用岷江上游南、北坡林内外的小气候观测资料，对该地区南、北坡向山地的太阳辐射、气温(1．5m)、地表温、水汽压、相对湿度、风速等小气候特征及森林生态气候效应进行了比较分析，探讨了其分布规律以及彼此间的内在联系。结果表明：不同坡向，不同季节，各山地气候要素分布存在区别；而山地森林具有较显著的生态气候效应，可以降低气温和地表温，增加湿度，减小风速，其生态效应在不同季节和不同坡向存在差异；通过林内、外气象要素的回归分析，得知：林内外的气象要素除4月风速之外，大多数气象要素存在显著的林内外相关关系；其中，以气温和相对湿度的相关性最好。

A Study on Ecoclimatic Effects of Montane Forest in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River

The goal of this paper is to investigate the montane climate characteristics and forest ecoclimatic ef- fects in the upper reaches of Minjiang River.Based on the microclimatic observation data of inside and outside montane forest in the upper reaches of Minjiang River, Mao County, Sichuan Province, the distribution charac- teristics and correlation of solar radiation, air temperature, water vapor pressure, relative humidity, wind speed and ground surface temperature for different slope orientations were studied.The results indicate that microcli- matic elements show the differences that exist in the various slope orientations and the notable seasonal varia- tions.In addition, the obvious ecoclimatic effects,decreasing in air temperature, ground surface temperature and wind speed, and increasing in humidity, in the montane forest also show some great differences in different sea- sons and different slopes.Furthermore, using the regression analysis of microclimatic elements between inside and outside forest, we learn that there is a significant correlation between inside and outside forest in most of mi- croclimatic elements except wind speed in April.Meanwhile, the correlation of air temperature and relative hu- mility is the most significant.