Estimation of groundwater recharge of shallow aquifer on humid environment in Yaounde,Cameroon using hybrid water-fluctuation and hydrochemistry methods |
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Authors: | A Fouépé Takounjou J R Ndam Ngoupayou J Riotte G E Takem G Mafany J C Maréchal G E Ekodeck |
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Institution: | 1.Institute for Geological and Mining Research, Hydrological Research Centre,Yaounde,Cameroon;2.Department of Earth Sciences,University of Yaounde I,Yaounde,Cameroon;3.Indo-French Cell for Water Sciences,Indian Institute of Science,Bangalore,India;4.LMTG, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD,Toulouse,France |
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Abstract: | A study of environmental chloride and groundwater balance has been carried out in order to estimate their relative value for
measuring average groundwater recharge under a humid climatic environment with a relatively shallow water table. The hybrid
water fluctuation method allowed the split of the hydrologic year into two seasons of recharge (wet season) and no recharge
(dry season) to appraise specific yield during the dry season and, second, to estimate recharge from the water table rise
during the wet season. This well elaborated and suitable method has then been used as a standard to assess the effectiveness
of the chloride method under forest humid climatic environment. Effective specific yield of 0.08 was obtained for the study
area. It reflects an effective basin-wide process and is insensitive to local heterogeneities in the aquifer system. The hybrid
water fluctuation method gives an average recharge value of 87.14 mm/year at the basin scale, which represents 5.7% of the
annual rainfall. Recharge value estimated based on the chloride method varies between 16.24 and 236.95 mm/year with an average
value of 108.45 mm/year. It represents 7% of the mean annual precipitation. The discrepancy observed between recharge value
estimated by the hybrid water fluctuation and the chloride mass balance methods appears to be very important, which could
imply the ineffectiveness of the chloride mass balance method for this present humid environment. |
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