国土空间规划中陆海统筹的内在逻辑和深化方向——基于复合系统论视角

陆海统筹是海岸带地区国土空间规划编制的基本原则。在海岸带空间开发与保护中,人地（海）关系、区域空间关系、陆海关系相互交织、相互融合,具有显著的复合系统特征。基于陆海之间物质、能量、信息与要素的流动特征,构建了包含人地（海）关系、区域空间关系、陆海关系的海岸带复合系统,并将陆海统筹的实现转化为海岸带复合系统的协调过程。研究表明：海岸带复合系统协调受复合系统与外界之间和各个子系统之间物质、能量、信息与要素流动过程的影响深刻。因而,海岸带复合系统协调的关键在于系统结构与功能完善、系统空间位置调整和系统输出内容管控三个方面。在此基础上,进一步提出国土空间规划中深化陆海统筹的策略。

The internal logic and developing direction of land-sea coordination in land space planning:From the perspective of complex system theory

Land-sea coordination is a major reform of land space planning of coastal areas. How to further promote land-sea coordination concept to deal with space planning for ecological protection, environmental management, industrial development, resource utilization and marine disaster prevention and control is an important part of integrated management of coastal areas as well as a guaranteed path for realizing high-quality development of coastal areas. In the space development and protection of coastal areas, the relations between human and land (sea), regional space relations, and the relations between land and sea are intertwined and integrated with prominent features of the complex system. Based on the flowing characteristics of substance, energy, information and elements between land and sea, the coastal zone complex system is formed by the relations between people and land (sea), regional space relations, and the relations between land and sea. On the basis of the coastal zone complex system, the interaction of the internal system and the external world can be deeply analyzed. Then, the relations between human and land (sea), regional space relations, and the relations between land and sea are integrated into the interaction in the internal complex system. Deep combination between the complex system and land space planning is realized. And the realization of land and sea planning is transformed into the coordination process of the coastal zone complex system. Researches manifest that the coastal zone complex system coordination has been deeply influenced by the flowing process of substance, energy, information and elements between the complex system and the external world and among all the subsystems. According to the development objectives and principles of the coastal zone complex system and the production and transformation process of the substances, energy, information and elements in the system, the key to the coastal zone complex system coordination lies in the three aspects: perfecting the system structure and features, adjusting the system space location and managing the content of the system output. On this basis, this paper proposes the strategy of deepening land-sea coordination in land and space planning, including constructing a new coastal zone space pattern with land and sea integrated, enhancing the protection and restoration of land-sea ecological system, promoting the development of land-sea industries in an integrative and interactive way, advancing the connection of land-sea traffic facilities and reinforcing the management of coastal zone regions in utilizing the resources and space.