多中心空间结构对城市地价影响研究

城市地价的飞速上涨和成本提高,对企业选址、个人购房带来越来越重要的影响,城市多中心发展能否有效抑制地价亟待实证检验。基于2008年和2013年全国285个地级及以上城市的微观土地出让数据,分析城市空间结构对地价的影响。研究发现：① 多中心空间结构能有效抑制城市过高地价,但会显著提升城市低段地价和城市整体平均地价;② 城市多中心空间结构对商住用地地价提升作用显著,但对工业用地作用不显著;③ 反映土地需求的城市人口密度对于城市综合地价具有显著提高作用,增加人均建设用地面积能有效降低城市综合地价,土地等级和出让方式等地块特征因素对交易地价影响也十分重要。因此,地方政府引导城市多中心化发展既能提供给企业、个人更多的用地选择,有效缓解城市主中心地价过高问题,也能推动城市次中心建设,促进城市均衡发展。

The impacts of polycentric spatial structure on urban land price

The rapid rise of urban land price and the increase of cost have brought direct influence on enterprise site selection and individual house purchase. Based on the micro-land transfer data of 285 prefecture-level cities in 2008 and 2013, this paper analyzes the impact of urban spatial structure on land price. The findings are as follows: (1) The polycentric spatial structure can effectively restrain the excessively high land price, and significantly raise the land price in the lower-price part, and the overall average land price in cities; (2) Urban polycentric spatial structure has a significant effect on the improvement of land price for commercial and residential land, but has no significant effect on industrial land. (3) The urban population density reflecting the land demand has a significant effect on the urban comprehensive land price. Increasing the per capita construction land area can effectively reduce the urban comprehensive land price. Land grade, transfer mode and other land feature factors are also very important to the transaction land price. Therefore, the guidance of urban polycentric development by local governments can not only provide enterprises and individuals with more land choices, effectively alleviate the problem of excessively high land price in urban main centers, but also promote the construction of urban sub-centers and promote balanced urban development.