中国城市物流创新的空间网络特征及驱动机制

创新要素高效流动的空间联系网络是物流高质量发展和区域物流协同发展研究的重要切入点。基于2003—2018年中国284个城市物流专利权利转移数据,运用大数据挖掘技术、GIS空间分析、社会网络分析和空间计量方法,研究了中国城市物流创新的空间网络特征及驱动机制,结果表明：① 网络规模扩张迅速,网络愈加稠密化,形成以深圳、北京、上海为中心的“多核心-边缘”格局,边缘区城市联结密度大幅提升,两极分化态势逐渐减弱。② 京津冀、长三角、珠三角和成渝城市群内的核心城市构筑了中国城市物流创新空间网络的菱形结构,形成邻近、等级和跳跃式混合聚类的四大凝聚子群,首位联系主要表现为五种空间扩散模式,呈现跳跃式和接触式联系态势。③ 城市物流创新联系在经济及信息联系通道中更易集聚,存在显著的内生交互效应;基于本地-邻近视角,功能基础和信息基础在经济、地理和信息权重下均对本地城市和邻近城市创新联系产生负向影响;政府扶持和众创氛围在经济、地理和信息权重下均对本地城市和邻近城市物流创新联系具有正向作用;经济基础、产业驱动、消费驱动和人才支撑在经济、地理和信息权重下分别对本地或邻近城市物流创新联系入强度或出强度产生显著影响。

Spatial network characteristics and driving mechanism of urban logistics innovation in China

Existing innovation network research mostly focuses on urban connections or spatial connections of innovation-intensive industries. As the logistics industry is a productive service industry with relatively weak innovation capabilities, the formation and evolution of its spatial network of innovation has unique characteristics. Based on the data of logistics patent transfer among 284 cities in China from 2003 to 2018 and applying methods of big-data mining technology, GIS spatial analysis, social network analysis and spatial measurement, this paper aims to analyze the characteristics and driving mechanism of the spatial network in China's urban logistics innovation. The main findings are drawn as follows: (1)The scale of the spatial network presents a rapid growth and has formed a “multi-core-peripheral” structure. It is noticeable that the agglomeration and connectivity of the spatial network in China's urban logistics innovation are constantly increasing, and the trend of network agglomeration continues to rise significantly. At the same time, the spatial network of logistics innovation has gradually evolved from a dual-core dominated structure to a “multi-core-peripheral” pattern centered on the cities of Shenzhen, Beijing, and Shanghai. (2) The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration have constructed a diamond-shaped structure of the spatial network in China's urban logistics innovation. In addition, the spatial network has formed four cohesive subgroups, showing a clustering mode of proximity, hierarchy and the jump-type hybrid and has formed five spatial diffusion modes mainly showing a jump and contact connection in the first connection. (3) There are three-dimensional driving forces from foundation, market, and environment for the evolution of the spatial network in China's urban logistics innovation. Based on the local-neighboring perspective, the functional foundation and information foundation have a negative impact on the innovative connection between the local city and neighboring cities under the weight of economy, geography and information. Government support and crowd-creation atmosphere have a positive effect on logistics innovation connection between local cities and neighboring cities under the weight of economy, geography and information. Economic foundation, industry drivers, consumption drivers, and talent support have significant effects respectively on the input or output intensity of logistics innovation connection in the local city or neighboring cities under the weight of economy, geography or information.