港航企业区位特征及其空间关联——以上海港口后勤区为例

港航企业的行为空间研究正成为现代港口地理学新的研究热点。以上海港口后勤区为例,建立港航企业空间属性数据库,收集各区县制造业、仓储业、商业、商务办公业的企业数据以及对应的建筑面积数据,综合运用空间基尼系数、GIS空间统计与插值以及地理联系率三种研究方法,从中微观尺度刻画上海港口后勤区主要港航企业的区位特征以及空间关联。研究表明:现阶段上海港口后勤区港航企业以广域(市域)分布为主,总体呈现明显的空间聚集特征;不同类型港航企业的区位选择具有明显的差异性,港航企业多以中心城区为核心、沿黄浦江空间集聚明显,而无船承运企业则呈现大分散小集聚布局;港航企业区位选择与制造业具有空间可分性,而国际集装箱运输企业地域依赖性明显。

Study on location Features and spatial correlation of port enterprises:Taking Shanghai port backup area as an example

The behavior space study on port enterprises is becoming a new hotspot in the modern port geography.Taking Shanghai port backup area as an example,we have established a spatial attribute database of port enterprises,collected enterprise data of manufacturing,ware-housing,commerce,commercial office industry in each county,and corresponding construction data.This study comprehensively applies spatial Gini coefficient,spatial statistics and interpolations in GIS,and coefficient of geographical linkage for medium-micro scale depiction of location characteristics and spatial correlation of major enterprises in Shanghai port backup area.The results show that the port enterprises of Shanghai has a wide distribution(city area),featured by spatial accumulation;different types of port enterprises have different location choices and enterprises take the city centre as the core,scattered along the Huangpu River most obviously while big non-vessel transportation enterprises scatter and small ones assemble;enterprise location choice is irrelevant to manufacturing industry in space while international container transportation enterprises have obvious regional dependence.