我国夏季气温、降水场的时空特征分析

本文用主分量及转动主分量分析方法对我国夏季气温及降水量场(1951—1985年期间)的时空特征进行了研究。从所提取的空间模式中发现气温的解释方差较降水的大,且具有较好的均匀性;从对应的时间分量分析发现气温与降水均具有2—3年的主要变化周期,与东亚大气环流的关系分析中以气温表现较为密切。 对气温和降水场时空特征的稳定性分析表明,无论在持续性、周期性及与东亚大气环流的关系上,进入70年代后均有较明显的变化。比较表明气温场的稳定性较降水为好。 气温场与降水场相互关系分析发现它们有显著的反相关,表现显著的地区为长江中下游、华南及华北等。

Analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics for temperature and precipitation in summer of China

The characteristics of temperature and precipitation in summer over China during the period of 1951 - 1985 are investigated by using the method of principal component analysis and rotated principal component analysis. It is found that the dominant components associated with the corresponding spatial patterns for temperature and precipitation have the period of 2 - 3y in temporal variation. The variability in the spatial patterns for temperature is more stable than that of precipitation in temporal variation. The significant negative correlation between temperature and precipitation is found in most part of China.