海底管道悬空防护与治理措施浅谈

为了治理一直困扰茂名30万t单点码头的海底管道悬空问题,首先分析了海底管道埋藏状态的识别方法,对国内外海底管线各种悬空治理措施的优缺点和适宜海域进行汇总。在对茂名30万t单点码头海底管道开展了多次路由调查的基础上,针对悬空路段,分别采用人工海草、沉排、碎石回填等不同的防护措施。结果表明,人工海草确实具有明显的降低流速和促进泥沙淤积的功能,但潜水员水下作业工作量较大,不宜在水深大于40 m的海域进行,应避开拖网捕捞海域。水泥沉排在水下较稳定,可有效保护海底管线免受外来损害,但是回淤促淤缓慢。当海床承载力足够时,采用碎石回填办法进行海管维护比较有效,冲刷坑填埋充实,可广泛用于修正悬空。

Discussion on measures taken to protect submarine pipelines from hanging

Based on several pipeline surveys in Maoming single point mooring dock (30×10⁴ t oil unloading capacity), we describe the method of identifying the buried state of submarine pipelines and some measures taken to protect them from hanging. Fixing artificial seaweeds to the hanging segments has an obvious effect by slowing the current and promoting siltation. However, the seaweeds can be destroyed by trawls; therefore, this method is not suitable for areas deeper than 40 m due to the large underwater workload of divers during installation. Concrete mattresses slowly promote siltation around hanging pipelines. Gravel dumping can effectively protect submarine pipelines from hanging and is widely used for correcting free spans.