海南岛北部海域海砂资源潜力评价

海南岛北部浅海海砂资源丰富，以砂砾质沉积为主，集中于琼州海峡东口潮流沙脊区、河口三角洲和沿岸水下岸坡等海域。本文通过对海南岛北部海域的地形地貌、地层、底质类型等方面的调查，分东、西两个区域研究了海砂资源的分布、范围、规模和类型等地质特征，并估算了海砂资源量，结合沉积环境，评价了各区域海砂的资源潜力。研究区海砂分布广泛，但东、西区特征和规模具有较大差异，西区海砂以砂质砾和泥质砂为主，厚度5~10 m；东区海砂以砂、砾质砂和砂质砾为主，厚度10~50 m，规模远超西区。研究区共圈定出9处资源潜力区，资源量为91.4亿m³，其余区域为远景区，其资源量为71.5亿m³。根据地形地貌、水动力和沉积环境等因素，研究区海砂可分为潮流沙脊堆积体系、河口水下三角洲堆积体系、岬湾海岸水下岸坡堆积体系和侵蚀残留体系几种类型。其中位于琼州海峡东口浅滩区的潮流沙脊堆积体系海砂连续分布面积达328 km²，平均厚度超过25 m，资源量83.9亿m³，最具潜力。

The Potential evaluation of marine sand resources in the northern sea areas of Hainan Island

The shallow sea in the north of Hainan Island is rich in marine sand resources, which are mainly composed of sand and gravel deposits. The marine sand resources are concentrated on the tidal ridge area of the east mouth of Qiongzhou Strait, estuary delta and submarine coastal slope. Through the investigation of the bedform, strata and sediments of the seafloor, the distribution and the scale of marine sand resources in two regions were discussed separately together with the marine sand geological features, and the marine sand resource volumes were also estimated. On the basis of the different sediment environments, marine sand resources potential has been discussed systematically. The marine sand in the study area is widely distributed, but the characteristics and scale of the east region and the west region are quite different. The marine sand in the west region is mainly sandy gravel and muddy sand with a thickness of 5 to 10 meters, whereas the marine sand in the east region is dominated by sand, gravel sand and gravel with a thickness of 10 to 50 meters, suggesting a larger scale than the west region. There are totally 9 resource potential areas with a resource volume of 9.14 billion m³, and the rest of the area is a prospective area with a resource volume of 7.15 billion m³. According to such factors as topography, hydrodynamic and sedimentary environment, the marine sand sediment system can be divided into tidal sand ridge accumulation system, estuary underwater Delta accumulation system, submarine coastal slope accumulation system and erosion residue system. Among them, the tidal sand ridge accumulation system located in the shallow water area of the eastern part of the Qiongzhou Strait has a continuous distribution area of 328 km², an average thickness of more than 25 meters, and a resource volume of 8.39 billion m³, suggesting huge resource potential.