天文经度测量中人仪差测定精度评估方法研究

在天文经度测量中,由观测员及其所用仪器引起的误差称为人仪差,在一、二等天文测量中必须加入此项改正。采用1992年至2012年间,21名观测员的144组人仪差成果,分别统计分析了人仪差分布情况和人仪差变化分布情况,使用多种数学模型进行了精度估计。人仪差和人仪差变化符合正态分布规律,数学期望接近于0。评定天文经度测量成果时,人仪差变化中误差取±0.02s较为合适。

Precision Evaluating Methods of Personal and Instrumental EquationCorrection in Astronomical Longitude Surveys

The error derived from the observer and his instruments in the astronomical longitude survey is calledthe personal and instrumental equation,which must be corrected at the first and second degrees.The distributionsof the personal and instrumental equation statistic and its variety are analyzed on the basis of 14 4.groups of dataof 2 1.observers from 199 2.to 2012.The standard deviations are calculated using different mathematic models.Thepersonal and instrumental equation and its variety are according to the normal distribution rule.Their expectedvalues are approximated to 0.As the mean square error of the personal and instrumental equation variety ±0.0 2.sis suitable in estimating the astronomical longitude precision.