地震资料叠前去噪技术的现状与未来

地震资料叠前去噪是勘探地震资料处理的关键问题之一，但这个问题长期以来一直没有得到很好的解决，是提高地震资料分辨率的一个主要障碍，其中，如何有效地消除产生与地层间的多次反射波又是地震资料叠前去噪的核心问题。为此，人们进行了长期不懈的努力，以更好地消除多次波。本文着重概述现今实生常中常用的几种比较有效的消除多次波方法，包括拉冬变换，F－K方法和聚束滤波方法；同时也概述了预测反积消除水层混响和用K－L变换方法消除随机噪音提高信噪比等方法；最后，还讨论了近年发展的地震资料叠前去噪新方法及其发展趋势。

The Current Situation and Future of Seismic Data Prestack Noise Attenuation Techniques

Seismic data prestack noise attenuation is one of the key problems of seismic data processing. However, this problem has not been well solved so far and becomes a barrier of enhancing the resolution of seismic data. Meanwhile, how to efficiently eliminate multiples generated by the multi reflections between subsurface interfaces is the major problem of seismic data prestack noise attenuation. So far, many efforts have been made for the purpose of better attenuating multiples. This paper summarizes some popular and efficient techniques in industry including Radon transform, F K method and Beamforming for multiple attenuation, predictive deconvolution for eliminating water reverberation and K L transform for random noise attenuation.