北京西山中侏罗世植物群的古气候意义

在北京市门头沟区九龙山南坡中侏罗统的下窑坡组、上窑坡组和龙门组采集植物化石22属38种。统计资料表明,北京西山中侏罗世植物群以真蕨纲(27.6%)、苏铁纲(25%)和银杏纲(25%)为主,其中真蕨纲的Coniopteris、Cladophlebis分别出现5和17个形态种。本文通过现生近缘种类分析法和植物的生长状态分析研究古气候。研究表明,含量高的植物化石的现生近缘种类紫萁科、蚌壳蕨科和苏铁纲植物主要生长于温热潮湿的热带或亚热带气候区;Cladophlebis较高的分异度,苏铁纲大型的羽状复叶,木贼目宽大的茎干等植物特征,同样指示较为湿热的气候环境。因此,北京西山中侏罗世植物群反映一种温热潮湿的亚热带气候。并且,化石的属种和数量自下窑坡组、上窑坡组到龙门组的降低反映研究区气候由温热潮湿向干热方向的演变。

Paleoclimate significance of the Middle Jurassic flora in the Western Hills of Beijing

Plant fossils of 38 species in 22 genera in Middle Jurassic were collected from Lower Yaopo Formation, Upper Yaopo Formation and Longmen Formation on the southern slope of the Jiulong Hill in Mentougou district, Beijing. Statistical data show that the Middle Jurassic flora of the Western Hills in Beijing is dominated by Filicopsida (27.6%), Cycadopsida (25%)and Ginkgopsida (25%), among which Coniopteris with 5 species and Cladophlebis with 17 species were found. The Nearest Living Relatives Method and morphologic features analysis were used to analyze palaeoclimate. The result indicates that the nearest living relative plants of dominant fossils are Osmundaceae, Dicksoniaceae and Cycadopsida, which mainly live in a humid-warm tropical or subtropical climate, and warm-humid climate is also identified from the diversity of Cladophlebis, large feathery compound leaves of Cycadopsida and coarse stems of Equisetales, etc. Consequently, the Middle Jurassic flora in the Western Hills of Beijing reflects a humid-warm subtropical climate. In addition, the climate had changed into drier and warmer according to the species and the quantity reduction of plant fossils from the Lower Yaopo Formation through Upper Yaopo Formation to Longmen Formation.