Geology,geochemistry and genesis of the Qianfanling quartz-vein Mo deposit in Songxian County,Western Henan Province,China |
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| Institution: | 1. MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China;2. Henan Provincial Non-ferrous Metals Geological and Mineral Resources Bureau, Zhengzhou 450016, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510460, China;3. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;4. Department of Earth Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. Xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;2. Institut für Mineralogie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany;3. Key Laboratory of Orogen and Crust Evolution, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;4. Centre for Tectonics, Resources and Exploration, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia;5. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;6. Centre for Exploration Targeting, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Orogen and Crust Evolution, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;2. Xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;3. Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China;4. Centre for Exploration Targeting, University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;1. Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China;2. Key Laboratory of Orogen and Crust Evolution, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;4. Centre for Exploration Targeting, University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The Qianfanling Mo deposit, located in Songxian County, western Henan province, China, is one of the newly discovered quartz-vein type Mo deposits in the East Qinling–Dabie orogenic belt. The deposit consists of molybdenite in quartz veins and disseminated molybdenite in the wall rocks. The alteration types of the wall rocks include silicification, K-feldspar alteration, pyritization, carbonatization, sericitization, epidotization and chloritization. On the basis of field evidence and petrographic analysis, three stages of hydrothermal mineralization could be distinguished: (1) pyrite–barite–quartz stage; (2) molybdenite–quartz stage; (3) quartz–calcite stage.Two types of fluid inclusions, including CO2-bearing fluid inclusions and water-rich fluid inclusions, have been recognized in quartz. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions vary from 133 °C to 397 °C. Salinity ranges from 1.57 to 31.61 wt.% NaCl eq. There are a large number of daughter mineral-CO2-bearing inclusions, which is the result of fluid immiscibility. The ore-forming fluids are medium–high temperature, low to moderate salinity H2O–NaCl–CO2 system. The δ34S values of pyrite, molybdenite, and barite range from ? 9.3‰ to ? 7.3‰, ? 9.7‰ to ? 7.3‰ and 5.9‰ to 6.8‰, respectively. The δ18O values of quartz range from 9.8‰ to 11.1‰, with corresponding δ18Ofluid values of 1.3‰ to 4.3‰, and δ18D values of fluid inclusions of between ? 81‰ and ? 64‰. The δ13CV-PDB values of fluid inclusions in quartz and calcite have ranges of ? 6.7‰ to ? 2.9‰ and ? 5.7‰ to ? 1.8‰, respectively. Sulfur, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon isotope compositions show that the sulfur and ore-forming fluids derived from a deep-seated igneous source. During the peak collisional period between the North China Craton and the Yangtze Craton, the ore-forming fluids that derived from a deep igneous source extracted base and precious metals and flowed upwards through the channels that formed during tectonism. Fluid immiscibility and volatile exsolution led to the crystallization of molybdenite and other minerals, and the formation of economic orebodies in the Qianfanling Mo deposit. |
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