环境,规划与地理学

本文针对当前地理学三个有争议的问题提出作者的见解。1.认为由于主体不同,地理学、生态学与环境科学所研究的环境是各不相同的,不能相互取代,并列出当前地理学环境研究的一些热点。2.分析第二次世界大战后,由于经济恢复和建设的需要,以及地理学的数量化和理论化,大量地理工作者投身于城市、区域和环境规划,使地理学达到空前繁荣;指明地理学者同其它专业人员在规划工作中的分工合作问题。3.认为地理学的对象是地理环境,由内涵的自然地理环境、经济地理环境和社会文化地理环境三者搀拌而成;从地理学三分法出发,发现了当前地理学的前缘领域,均处于三种地理环境的界面上,即向自然地理学倾斜的环境研究,向经济地理学倾斜的城市研究,向社会文化地理学倾斜的行为研究,还有居三者之中的区域研究。本文并就我国地理学的当前形势和存在问题,提出了建议。

ENVIRONMENT, PLANNING AND GEOGRAPHY

Three theoretical problems in current geography have been discussed: 1) Ecology, geography and environmental sciences all study the environment and it cannot be replaced each other. The author puts forward five aspects on environmental study in geography, protection, management and conservation against natural hazards, air and water pollutions, soil erosion, earth-quake etc. and environmental planning in different regions. 2) Since the 2nd world war, as the urgent needs of economic renewal and construction and the mathematization and the computerization in geography, combining with planning practice in China, a great of geographers have been intervening into six kinds of urban, regional and environmental planning. In the planning activities, geographers should do the individual and co-work with other specialists well. 3) The geographical environment consists of three overlapping components, physico-geographical, economico-geographical and socio-geographical environment studied by physical geography, economic geography and socio-cultural geography (human geography in narrow sense) respectively. The geography may be looked as a compound system, of three basic branches. Recently. newly growing points appear at junctures among three basic branches. The environmental study inclines to physical geography, the urban study trends to economical geography and the behavioural study declines to socio-cultural geography. The frontiers in current geographical area are on the boundaries between two of three. At the end, the author analyses the situation of geographical contribution and education in China and raises how to improve our work.