渔用高强度聚乙烯和普通聚乙烯单丝结构与性能的比较研究

为给渔具设计与材料的合理选配提供科学依据，通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)及扫描电镜(SEM)等方法的比较，研究了渔用高强度聚乙烯(high-strength polyethylene，简称HSPE)和普通聚乙烯(PE)单丝的结构与性能。结果表明，HSPE单丝的断裂强度和结节强度比普通PE单丝分别提高了14．54％，3．05％，而断裂伸长率降低了44．44％；HSPE单丝的结晶度和声速值比普通PE单丝分别增加了6．20％和76．8％；HSPE单丝微晶尺寸稍大于普通PE单丝，而晶胞参数变化很小；HSPE单丝内部结晶形态为平行的串晶和纤维复合结构。正是由于结晶度、取向度的提高以及单丝内部生成了平行的串晶和纤维复合结构，导致了渔用HSPE单丝强度的提高。

Comparative Study of Structure and Properties of High-Strength Polyethylene and Common Polyethylene Monofilaments for Fishing Gear

Comparisons between the structure and properties of high-strength polyethylene (HSPE) and common polyethylene(PE) monofilaments for fishing gear have been made by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), wide angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) etc.. The results indicate that the HSPE monofilaments are 14.54% and 3.05% higher than the common PE monofilaments in breaking strength and knot breaking strength, respectively, while in percentage of breaking elongation the latter is ~44.44% bigger than the former. The HSPE monofilaments are 6.20% and 76.8% bigger than the common PE monofilaments in crystallization and sonic velocity value, respectively. They crysta-mine sizes of the HSPE monofilaments are slightly bigger than those of the common PE monofilaments, while the unit cell parameters of the two are approximately the same, and the morphology of the HSPE monofilaments are of shish-kebab and fibrous compound structure. Owing to the increase of crystallization and the degree of orientation, and the formation of this shish-kebab and fibrous compound structure, the tenacity of the HSPE monofilaments is improved.