含油气盆地盐构造研究进展

简要讨论了近年来含油气盆地盐构造研究的主要进展,这些进展主要表现在盐构造地质建模、三维可视化、物理模拟和数值模拟、平衡剖面分析和构造复原以及盐构造形成机制等方面。盐构造是一类与油气聚集关系极为密切的构造类型,在波斯湾、北海、墨西哥湾、北欧和非洲大陆边缘等油气资源丰富的地区有大量分布。中国在塔里木、渤海湾、江汉、四川等盆地广泛发育多期盐岩层和多种类型的盐构造,但国内盐构造研究相对较少,对盐及其相关构造的变形组合样式、三维地质建模和三维可视化、盐构造形成机理和动力学演化的研究是薄弱环节。对于塔里木、渤海湾盆地以及中国南方海相碳酸盐岩层系来说,区域性盐岩盖层的存在和分布将是油气藏得以保存的关键。深入探讨盐构造特征将有助于深化对中国含油气盆地构造演化、构造样式和油气成藏过程的认识。

Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins

This paper describes briefly the major developments of the research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins in recent years. These developments include mainly the geological modeling of salt tectonics, threedimensional visualization, physical and numerical modeling, balanced cross-section and restoration, and deformation mechanisms of salt tectonics. Salt tectonics, distributed widespread in oil-gas rich areas such as the Persian Gulf Basin, the North Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Caspian Basin, North Europe and African passive margins, are closely related to hydrocarbon accumulations. Polyphase salt layers and a variety of salt tectonics are developed in the Tarim, Bohai Bay, Jianghan and Sichuan basins. Research work must focus on salt and salt-related deformation assemblages, 3-D geological modeling and 3-D visualization, origin and geodynamic evolution of salt tectonics in China. Regional salt caps are the key to the preservation of oil-gas pools in Tarim, Bohai Bay, Sichuan basins and marine carbonate rocks in south China. It is very important to understand the processes of tectonic evolution, structural styles and hydrocarbon accumulation by studying salt tectonics.