平流层垂直运动的计算方法与1958年1月平流层热源热汇的分布

本文利用平流层平均温压场的资料,用定常情况下的热力方程计算了1958年1月份北半球平流层各层(10—200毫巴)的冷热源分布。发现平流层中层的冷热源分布和流场一样,是以波数为1,2的超长波系统占优势的。文中还讨论了这些大尺度冷热源的地理分布以及它们和气压系统相互配置的关系。 为了计算平流层中与垂直运动相平衡的加热分量,本文提出了一个把涡度方程自大气顶向下逐层积分的计算垂直运动的新方法。结果证明,这种计算方法对于计算平流层的垂直运动是比较适宜的。

A METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE VERTICAL MOTIONS AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE HEAT SOURCES AND SINKS IN THE STRATOSPHERE OVER NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IN JANUARY,1958

It is proposed that the vorticity equation is integrated with respect to pressure downward from the upper boundary of atmosphere (p=0 mb) for calculating the vertical motions in the stratospherc.The result shows that this method is much more reliable than integrating upward from the ground for the calculation of vertical motions in the stratosphere.Having reliable vertical motion,the mean non-adiabatic heating in the stratosphere may be calculated from the first law of thermodynamics (with ∂/∂_t=0).The data are from the monthly mean pressure and temperature maps for the stratosphere of the northern hemisphere.It is found that for the mid-levels of the stratosphere,the distributions of heat sources and sinks are of large-scale nature as the pressure field for these levels.The ultra-long waves(with wave number of one or two) are Ear more predominant than the waves of other scales.The geographic distributions of heating and cooling in relation to the pressure systems are also discussed.