L波段高空探测系统的时差及其测量不确定度

通过分析L波段高空探测系统的时序设计原理,进行GTS1型探空仪与RS92型探空仪的同球比对施放试验验证,确定了由L波段高空探测系统的时序设计造成的测量元件感应气象要素至地面设备计算机软件赋时之间的时间差,会造成测量结果的随机波动。L波段探空系统总体时差对气压测量影响较大,对温度的影响较小,对湿度的影响较为复杂;由此造成的气压不确定性,将影响探空应用文件的准确性。相对于测量元件的感应时间总是延迟的,其总体散布中心为测量元件感应气象要素后1.2s,时差散布的扩展不确定度为0.98s,气压误差最大可达0.86hPa。北斗-GPS双模式导航测风探空仪的设计中采用了消除时差的方法,大大减小了测量结果的随机误差,并且在2013年12月中国气象局阳江试验中效果良好,为该问题提出了改进方法。

Time Difference of L-band Upper-air Sounding System and Resulting Uncertainty

The time sequence design of the L band Upper air Sounding System is analyzed. GTS1 Sonde and RS92 Sonde are compared to determine the time difference between the sensing meteorological elements and the time of the ground equipment caused by the L band Upper air Sounding System will cause the uncertainly of the measurement results. The influence of time difference on pressure is larger, the temperature is smaller, and humidity is more complex. The uncertainty of air pressure will affect the accuracy of sounding application files. The sensing time is always delayed relative to the measuring element, which is about 1.2 s after the measuring element senses the meteorological elements. The time difference is about 0.98 s. The maximum pressure error is up to 0.86 hPa. The BDS GPS Dual mode Navigation Wind Sonde is designed to eliminate the time difference and significantly reduce the random error of the measurements. It has a good effect on the Yangjiang test conducted by the China Meteorological Administration in December 2013, which proposed an improved method.