青海省对流层顶若干统计特征

主要利用青海省7个探空站1970~2001年高空观测资料,运用统计学方法,对各站各类对流层顶的时空分布、季节变化和趋势等进行了分析,揭示了对流层顶的分布特征及其高度、温度变化的基本事实和规律。结果表明:由于不同类型对流层顶在各站的位置随着季节有明显的南北进退,因此,出现频率各异;两类对流层顶的高度不仅有明显的差异,而且还具有明显的季节性变化,极地类对流层顶高度在春季最高,夏季最低,而热带类对流层顶高度在夏季最高,秋季最低;最高对流层顶与低温相对应,最低对流层顶与高温相对应;热带类对流层顶年平均高度变化呈上升趋势,年平均温度变化呈下降趋势。这与近几年来,平流层内臭氧减少,温度降低,对流层高度抬升有关。

Statistical Features of Tropopause over Qinghai Province

An analysis is made of the temporal-spatial distribution,seasonal variation and tendency of various tropopauses by means of statistical methods,and the distribution features of the tropopauses and the variation regularities of height and temperature are revealed,based on the upper-air sounding data of seven stations from 1970 to 2001 over Qinghai Province.The results indicate that various tropopauses have different occurrence frequencies at different stations;the polar and tropic type tropopauses differ not only in heights,but also in seasonal variation;the highest tropopause corresponds to low temperature and the lowest corresponds to high temperature.The annual mean height(temperature) of tropic type tropopauses shows an increasing(decreasing) tendency.These are related with the decreasing of stratospheric ozone and temperature,as well as the rising of the troposphere in recent years.