1961-2010年黑龙江省水稻延迟型冷害时空变化特征

利用1961-2010年黑龙江省62个气象站资料，基于5-9月平均气温和水稻冷害等级行业标准，利用累积距平和小波分析等方法分析水稻延迟型轻度、中度和严重冷害的空间分布特征及时间变化规律，以期为水稻延迟型冷害的研究提供基础。结果表明：1961-2010年黑龙江省水稻延迟型冷害主要集中发生在黑河、齐齐哈尔、哈尔滨东部、牡丹江西部和三江平原东部地区。1961-2010年黑龙江省水稻延迟型冷害存在明显的阶段性变化，1994年后转入新的较少发生阶段，2000年后黑龙江省水稻延迟型冷害发生明显减少。黑龙江省水稻延迟型轻度冷害和中度冷害存在21 a和9 a左右的变化周期，水稻延迟型严重冷害存在21 a左右的周期变化。

Spatial-temporal characteristics of delayed cool injury for rice from 1961 to 2010 in Heilongjiang province

Based on the mean air temperature data at 62 weather station of Heilongjiang province from May to September during 1961-2010 and a standard on cool injury of rice (CIR), spatial and temporal distribution of delayed CIR in mild, moderate and serious grades was analyzed using methods of an accumulated anomaly and a wavelet analysis in order to provide references for prevention of CIR. The results indicate that delayed cool injury of rice occurs mainly in Heihe, Qiqihaer, eastern Harbin, western Mudanjiang and eastern Sanjiang plain. There is a significantly variation for delayed CIR during 1961-2010 in Heilongjiang province. The CIR has a turning point in 1994 and seldom appears after 1994. The CIR decreases significantly after 2000. The cycles of delayed CIR are 21 years and 9 years for mild and middle grades respectively, while it is 21 years for serious grade.