古土壤记录的内蒙古沙区全新世环境变化

古土壤是发育于地质历史时期埋藏的自然土壤,是记录古环境信息的重要载体。本文基于对内蒙古沙区古土壤研究文献的梳理,通过古土壤测年数据统计,对比区内其他信息载体的研究成果,分析内蒙古沙区沙漠/沙地形成时代及全新世环境变化。结果表明:内蒙古沙区全新世环境变化可分为3个阶段:全新世早期（10～8.5 ka BP）为升温阶段,气候以干冷为主;全新世中期（8.5～2.5 ka BP）为气候适宜期,古土壤普遍发育,同时存在短期干冷波动;全新世晚期（2.5 ka BP以来）为降温期,气候逐步干冷,部分沙地气候波动频繁,形成古土壤。

Environment Changes of Sand Fields in Inner Mongolia,China since the Holocene Recorded by Sandy Paleosol

Paleosol originates from the natural soil buried during the geological period. It is an important information carrier of paleoenvironment. Based on the gathering and combing of documents about paleosol of the sand fields in Inner Mongolia, China, this paper analyzed environmental changes during the desert-formation period and the Holocene in Inner Mongolia through the analysis of paleosol dating data, and in comparison with research results of other information carriers in the region. The environmental changes in the Holocene can be divided into three phases: early Holocene (10-8.5 ka BP) is the heating-up phase, with cold and dry climate; mid Holocene (8.5-2.5 ka BP) is a phase when the climate is very pleasant and the paleosol is commonly developed, but there are fluctuations of short-term dry and cold climate; late Holocene (2.5 ka BP and above) is cooling-down and paleosol-forming phase when the climate gradually turn dry and cool.