祁连山老虎沟流域产汇流特征分析

为了研究老虎沟流域冰川产汇流特征,根据老虎沟流域2009年消融期4-10月的气象与水文观测资料,采用排除和不排除降水对冰雪消融产流影响的方法,对老虎沟流域融水径流的产流特征、白天和夜晚径流特征、径流的滞后效应进行了分析。结果表明:5-9月各月流量占到整个消融期流量的比例分别为7%、26%、33%、19%、14%。降水对河流的产流贡献率约为22%,冰雪融水和地下水对河流的产流贡献率为78%。观测期内,除5月外,白天流量全部大于晚上流量,而且6-8月白天和夜晚径流之间的差值较大。老虎沟冰川区以裸冰消融为主,冰面湖较少而且小,汇流较快,储水性能并不明显。5-9月流量峰值和谷值平均分别滞后气温7.0 h、3.5 h、2.5 h、2.5 h和4.5 h,冰川排水系统也随着流量变化经历慢速-快速-慢速的变化过程。

Analysis of the characteristics of runoff yield and confluence in the Laohugou basin,Qilian Mountains

In order to study the characteristics of runoff yield and confluence in Laohugou basin,the hydrological characteristics are analyzed in this paper based on the measurements in the Laohugou Glacier No.12 from April to October,2009.The results show that from May to September,monthly runoff accounted for 7％,26％,33％,19％,14％,respectively,of the annual total.Precipitation contributed to the annual runoff about 22％.Glacier meltwater and groundwater contributed the annual runoff about 78％.The runoff during the daytime was higher than that in the night except May.The most part of the Laohugou glacier surface was bare ice,with a small amount of little lakes,resulting in minor water storage ability.On average,the peak and valley of runoff lagged the peak and valley of temperature for 7.0 h,3.5 h,2.5 h,2.5 h,4.5 h,respectively,from May to September.Glacier drainage system also experienced a slow-fast-slow process.