全球增温潜势和全球温变潜势对主要国家温室气体排放贡献估算的差异

全球增温潜势（GWP）和全球温变潜势（GTP）是目前常用的温室气体增温能力的通用指标。如果用GTP代替GWP，1990-2005年，欧盟、美国、日本、加拿大和南非温室气体排放所占份额增加，而巴西、澳大利亚、中国、印度、墨西哥和俄罗斯所占份额减少；2015-2030年，欧盟、美国、日本、中国所占份额将增加，而俄罗斯、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、墨西哥和巴西所占份额会减少。用GTP代替GWP后，巴西、澳大利亚等国所占份额减小，而欧盟所占份额增加，这可能是巴西、澳大利亚等国考虑尽早采用GTP代替GWP而欧盟反对的一个重要原因。

Differences Between the Shares of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculated with GTP and GWP for Major Countries

The global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP) are two common metrics to calculate the CO2 equivalence of greenhouse gases. If the country’s emissions of greenhouse gases are calculated with GTP instead of GWP, the shares of EU, USA, Japan, Canada and South Africa rise in the period 1990-2005, and those of Brazil, Australia, China, India, Mexico and Russia decrease. From 2015 to 2030, the projected shares of EU, USA, Japan and China will increase, but those of Russia, Canada, Australia, India, Mexico and Brazil will decrease. The reduced shares of Brazil and Australia and increased share of EU might be one of the important reasons that Brazil and Australia suggested to adopt GTP instead of GWP as early as possible, but the EU opposed it.