广东沿海赤潮发生频率差异与城市发展的关系

将广东沿海划分成粤东、珠江口和粤西3个区域,采用每个区域主要城市有关经济指标与广东沿海1980~2002年赤潮发生频率的统计数据进行对比分析。研究结果表明:22年间广东沿海出现了2次赤潮高峰期,分别为1987~1992年和1998~2000年;珠江口海域为珠江水系入海口集中区域,广东陆源污染物集中于此出海,是赤潮发生的敏感区域。随城市的发展,陆源污染物进入海洋的数量加大,临近城市化发展较快的珠江口海域赤潮出现的频率高于其他城市化相对较慢的海域,同时沿海城市经济快速发展的时期也是赤潮出现的高峰期。

The Relation Between Differences of Red Tide Frequency and Economic Development along the Coasts of Guangdong

Red tides are one of the main coastal catastrophic events of Guangdong Province, China. The comparison between the numbers of red tide events and the development indexes of cities along the coasts of the province shows that the regional differences in red tide outbreaks has a close relation to those in the coastal urban developments. The cause for an initiation of red tide blooms may be natural ones, but wastewater caused by the fast development of population, industry and aquiculture of the coastal cities enhanced the blooms. It may explain why the two periods of frequent outbreaks of the red tides from 1998 to 2000 matched the urban developments in the coastal areas of Guangdong not only spatially but also temporally. The red tides in the first period were restricted only on the coasts of middle Guangdong, where the urbanization were rapider than the other coastal areas of the province. In second period, fast increments in the development of the coastal cities in east Guangdong leaded to an increase in occurrence of red tides in the sea areas of the same coasts.