海上无动力船舶漂移轨迹模型及其在“桑吉”油轮漂移模拟中的应用

无动力或破损的船舶在海上自由漂移对海上的各项生产活动是一个巨大的危险。通过对海上漂浮的船舶进行受力分析,考虑船舶的外形特征及漂浮状态,建立了海上船舶漂移轨迹模型,对船舶海面以上与以下侧向投影面积之比(面积比)、风拖曳系数、流拖曳系数等参数均进行了敏感性分析,并针对2018年1月6日爆燃的"桑吉"油轮漂移轨迹开展了模拟应用。结果表明该模型针对不同类型海上船舶的漂移轨迹有一定合理的模拟能力,船舶面积比是准确模拟漂移轨迹的一个重要参数,同时,该模型对风拖曳系数、流拖曳系数较为敏感。针对"桑吉"油轮的模拟,科氏力的作用不可忽视,考虑科氏力作用后漂移轨迹的模拟效果得到了很好的改善。

DRIFT TRAJECTORY MODEL OF THE UNPOWERED VESSEL ON THE SEA AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE DRIFT SIMULATION OF THE SANCHI OIL TANKER

Free drift of unpowered or wrecked vessels could be a big threat to the production activities on the sea. Based on the force analysis of the floating vessel on the sea, combined with the appearance and floating status of the vessel, we established the drifting trajectory model for the unpowered or wrecked vessels on the sea. In addition, the sensitivity test of the model parameters, including the ratio of the above-sea lateral projection area to the below-sea lateral projection area (RAB), wind drag coefficient, current drag coefficient and so on, was carried out. This model was applied on the drift forecasting of the Sanchi oil tanker, which was wrecked on January 6, 2018. The result showed that this model can forecast reasonably the drifting trajectories for different kinds of vessels, and RAB is considered as a very important parameter for forecasting the drifting trajectory accurately. Meanwhile, this model is sensitive to wind and current drag coefficient. For the Sanchi event, simulation accuracy can be greatly promoted when the Coriolis Force is taken into consideration.