最新国际地磁参考场模型IGRF11研究

详细阐述了国际地磁参考场模型IGRF11的建模原理、 数据来源、 球谐系数及误差来源等. 以NOAA/NGDC候选地磁场模型为例， 分析了数据的选取原则和校正方法. 在MATLAB环境下， 研制了该模型的可视化软件， 为制备地磁仿真基准图提供了最有可能和最为便捷的途径， 能有效使用国际公开数据， 减少外场地磁实测工作量和成本， 对地磁导航工程化具有重要的价值. 对模型检验值和实测值与模型计算值进行比较， 结果表明， 软件计算结果是正确的、 可靠的； 对IGRF11与WMM2010模型的异同点进行比较， 结果表明， WMM2010的模型精度要高于IGRF11， 具有更为广阔的适用范围. 最后， 从模型长期变化估算角度入手， 分析了引起IGRF11模型计算精度低的原因. 

Research on the eleventh generation IGRF

This paper expounds in detail the modeling principle, data sources, spherical harmonic coefficients and error sources of the 11th generation international geomagnetic reference field model (IGRF11). Taking the NOAA/NGDC candidate geomagnetic model as an example, an analysis is made on the data selection principle and calibration method. Under MATLAB environment, a visual software of the model was developed, providing the most possible and convenient way for making a geomagnetic reference map. This enables the effective use of international open data, and reduces the workload and cost of geomagnetic measurements, therefore, it is valuable for geomagnetic navigation. Comparing the test and measured values with the calculated value shows that the calculation results of the software are correct and reliable; and comparing IGRF11 with WMM2010 for their similarities and differences reveals that WMM2010 has higher accuracy and a wider scope of application than IGRF11. Finally, by estimating long-time variation, the reason for low calculation accuracy of IGRF11 is analyzed.