基于干旱指数的贵州省辣椒保险产品设计

【目的】为了向地方开展政策性农业保险提供理论依据，减弱气象灾害对地方经济的影响。【方法】该文利用2011—2018年贵州省88个县逐年辣椒生育期、产量资料，1980—2020年贵州省84个地面常规气象站逐日气象资料、贵州干旱标准，采用克里金插值、回归分析等方法，分析贵州省干旱时空分布特征，设计辣椒干旱指数保险产品。【结果】（1）轻旱和中旱主要发生在贵州西南部，高值区主要集中在盘州、普安等地区；特旱主要发生在贵州东北部，发生地区较少，但最高频率达到78%；重旱在贵州大部分地区均有发生，低值区主要包括西南地区的盘州、北部地区的汇川等地区。（2）以绥阳县为例，计算了辣椒保险费率为6.45%，并确定辣椒干旱气象理赔的标准。【结论】完成贵州省辣椒干旱指数保险产品设计，为保险公司合理客观地制定保险相关条款、支付经济补偿提供技术参考。

Design of Pepper Insurance Products in Guizhou Province Based on Drought Index

In order to provide theoretical basis for the development of local agricultural insurance and weaken the impact of meteorological disasters on the local economy, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought in Guizhou Province and designs a pepper drought index insurance product by using the annual growth period and yield data of pepper in 88 counties of Guizhou Province in 2011-2018, the daily meteorological data from 84 conventional surface weather stations in Guizhou from 1980 to 2020. Besides, the drought standard of Guizhou Province, and the methods of Kriging interpolation, regression analysis and other methods are adopted as well. The results show that: (1) Light drought and moderate drought mainly occur in the southwest of Guizhou, and the high-value areas are mainly concentrated in Panzhou and Pu''an. Extreme drought mainly occurs in the northeast of Guizhou, affecting fewer areas, but its occurrence frequency is the highest, reaching 78%. Severe drought often occurs in most areas of Guizhou, excluding Panzhou in the southwest and Huichuan and other areas in the northern region. (2) Taking Suiyang County as an example, the insurance rate for peppers is calculated to be 6.45%, and the standard of pepper drought weather claims is determined. The pepper drought index insurance product in Guizhou Province is finally designed, and it can provide technical references for insurance companies to reasonably and objectively formulate insurance-related clauses and pay economic compensation.