渤海沿岸海冰单轴压缩强度的基本特性分析

海冰单轴压缩强度是寒区海洋工程中的一个重要设计参数,也是影响海冰动力学行为的主要因素。在2008-2012年间的三个冬季,对渤海沿岸的海冰单轴压缩强度进行了现场与室内试验,由此分析了其在温度、卤水体积和应力率下的基本特征。测试结果表明,海冰单轴压缩强度与其温度呈幂函数关系,与卤水体积平方根呈指数关系,与应力率呈线性关系。此外还分别在不同温度与卤水体积下确定了海冰单轴压缩强度上包络限的变化规律。最后,综合考虑卤水体积和应力率的影响,对海冰单轴压缩强度分布特征进行了分析。以上研究有助于揭示渤海海冰基本力学性质,为冰区结构设计和海冰动力学分析提供参考依据。

Characteristics of sea ice uniaxial compressive strength around the coast of Bohai Sea

The uniaxial compression strength of sea ice is a key design parameter of offshore structure in cold regions, and is also an important factor affecting the dynamical performance of sea ice cover. To determine the uniaxial compression strength of sea ice in the Bohai Sea, the field and indoor experiments were carried out in three winters of 2008 2012. The influences of temperature, brine volume and stress rate on the sea ice compressive strength were analyzed. The results show that the compression strength is a power, exponential and linear function of the ice temperature, the square root of brine volume, and the stress rate, respectively. The upper limits of sea ice compression strength were also determined under different ice temperatures and brine volumes. Finally, this paper analyzes the characteristics of sea ice compression strength comprehensively considering the influences of brine volume and stress rate. The experimental results above can be beneficial to the determination of the basic mechanical properties of sea ice, and also be applied to design ice loads on offshore structures and to analyze the dynamics of sea ice in the Bohai Sea.