基于要素视角的城乡关系演化理论分析

城乡融合发展是新型城镇化战略与乡村振兴战略的重要支撑,城乡要素的合理流动与优化配置是城乡关系演化与城乡融合发展的关键。论文基于城乡地域系统理论,从要素视角深入揭示城乡关系的本质与内涵,厘清城乡关系演化阶段及其特征,进而提出其调控机制。主要结论有：① 城乡关系是城乡人口关系、土地关系、经济关系等关系的集中体现,产生的根源在于城乡之间的功能差异性与互补性,表征是城乡间要素的流动;② 从分化到融合是城乡关系发展的客观规律,其演化过程一般分为城乡分化、城乡对立、城乡融合和城乡一体化4个阶段,不同时期不同区域城乡要素流动的类型、方向、方式、强度及自由度等具有明显差异;③ 在经济机制和政治机制的作用下,多种要素的流动不断推动着城乡关系的演进,城乡关系的调控亦应不断完善和优化经济机制和政治机制。

A factor-based theoretical analysis of urban-rural relationship change

Urban-rural integration is an important support for the implementation of the new urbanization strategy and the rural revitalization strategy, while the reasonable flow and optimal allocation of urban-rural elements are the keys to the change of urban-rural relationship and urban-rural integration. Based on the theory of urban-rural regional system, this study examined the essence and connotation of urban-rural relationship from the perspective of elements, clarified the stages and general features of urban-rural relationship change, and then put forward its regulatory mechanism. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Urban-rural relationship is the concentrated embodiment of urban-rural population relationship, land relationship, and economic relationship. The foundation of urban-rural relationship is the functional differences and complementarity between them and the representation is the flow of urban and rural elements. 2) The pattern of the development of urban-rural relationship is from differentiation to integration. Its evolution process can be generally divided into four stages: urban-rural differentiation, urban-rural opposition, urban-rural integrated development, and urban-rural integration. There are clear differences in the type, direction, ways, intensity, and degree of freedom of urban and rural element flow in different periods and regions. 3) Under the effect of economic mechanism and political mechanism, the flow of various elements constantly promotes the evolution of urban-rural relationship. The adjustment of urban-rural relationship should also continually improve and optimize the economic and political mechanisms.