科学大洋钻探与全球气候变化研究

文章简要地回顾了科学大洋钻探的发展历程。深海钻探计划（ＤＳＤＰ）革命性地改变了地球科学家们对地球动力作用的认识。ＤＳＤＰ的后继者，即大洋钻探计划（ＯＤＰ）正在全球各大洋收集有关这些作用在几万至几十万年时间尺度上变化的高分辨率记录，并已在与全球气候有关的下述领域取得了重要进展：地质历史时期气候变化的幅度、速度及原因，按轨道调谐的新生代（１０Ｍａ前以来）地质年代表，高纬度地区冰盖形成及演化历史，造山运动与长期气候变化之间的相互关系，气体水合物与全球气候变化的相互制约关系。ＤＳＤＰ和ＯＤＰ的成就使地球科学家们相信，在全球年轻的大洋底实施钻探以取得连续的沉积记录和录井记录，是研究过去全球气候的长期、短期变化的有效而重要的手段，并将给未来全球变化的研究带来启示

SCIENTIFIC OCEAN DRILLING AND THE RESEARCH ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

A brief account of the history of scientific ocean drilling is given by summarizing the main achievments made both by Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). DSDP revolutionized the earth scientists′view of the Earth′s dynamic processes. Its successor, the ODP, is collecting high resolution records of changes in these processes over time scales of tens to hundreds of thousands of years. Major achievements have been made in the following aspects: the magnitude, speed and origin of climate changes in the geological history, astronomically tuned geological time scale, the formation and evolution of ice sheets in high latitude regions, relationship between orogeny and long term climate change and the role gas hydrate may play in the global climate change. The achivements have enabled scientists to believe that drilling into the young ocean crust with continuous, undisturbed sedimentary and logging record will provide most efficient and significant insights into the research on the past global climate changes, as well as on future global climate changes.