2000年以来江西省城市规模体系与空间体系的时空演变

基于2001―2012年江西省各县市城市人口数据，结合ArcGIS和SPSS等分析工具，采用城市首位指数、分形等计量分析方法，对2000年以来江西省城市规模体系与空间体系的时空演变特征进行深入分析。结果表明：1）随着大城市和中等城市数目的增加，城市规模“金字塔”趋于合理；2）城市间人口规模的相对差距在扩大，绝对差距在缩小，城市等级规模趋于合理；3）城市首位度较高，属于典型的首位型城市分布；4）城市规模分维数较小且下降明显，大城市发展快于中小城市，城市发展总体处于集聚效益加速凸显阶段；5）城市规模空间体系演变表现出区域差异性、圈层集聚性以及轴线指向性等特征。最后指出江西省城市规模体系与空间体系存在特大城市数量过少、城市规模偏小、城市人口发育南北差距过大等问题并提出相应优化对策。

Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Urban Size System and Its Spatial System in Jiangxi Province since 2000

Urban size structure is one of the three major structures in urban system. Rational analysis on regional urban size structure would be of help to understanding the phase of urban system, and has significance on forcasting cities’ population and planning the structure of urban system. Using the population data of each city and county in Jiangxi Province during the period from 2001 to 2012, with the aid of Arcgis and SPSS, this paper analyzed the features and evolution of the hierarchical structure of the urban system in Jiangxi Province based on the standard deviation index, coefficient of variation, city primacy index, city Gini coefficient and Fractal Theory. The following conclusions were made: 1) Urbanization in Jiangxi Province developed rapidly during the period from 2001 to 2012, with the number of big and medium cities increasing, Jiangxi Province was changing its original irrational urban size system, in which the small cities were over-concentrated, and the pyramid of urban size tended to be reasonable; 2) The relative disparity of city population had increased while absolute disparity decreased. The urban system’s size structure trended to be reasonable; 3) Urban primacy ratio of Jiangxi was relatively high and city distribution pattern in Jiangxi Province followed the Primate City Law typically, Nanchang was the primate city, whose agglomeration effect was obvious; 4) City scale fractal dimension was small and decreased significantly, meanwhile, big cities developed faster than small and medium-sized cities, those showed a significant Agglomerative Effectiveness; 5) The spatial evolution of urban size had the characteristics of regional difference, ring agglomeration and the axis with directivity were obvious. Finally the paper pointed out some problems about distribution of urban size, such as too little megacities, small urban scale and excessive north-south gap of urban population growth, and also put forward the corresponding countermeasures against those problems.