民国时期和田河流域洛浦垦区垦荒、撂荒地的空间分布格局——基于历史资料的信息可视化重建

本研究以现存民国和田地区洛浦垦区多种地图为基础,充分利用该区档案史料记载的历史地理信息,梳理复原民国时期洛浦垦区的行政区划沿革,以及该区垦荒地、撂荒地的时空变化序列,重建相应的空间格局示意图,为揭示该区民国时期耕地变化的人文因素与自然物理动因因果关联提供空间分析的基础.结果表明：民国洛浦垦区垦荒为外延式开发,垦荒地点主要分布于绿洲主垦区的西北、东北至东部的绿洲荒漠过渡带.垦荒与撂荒斑块叠加度高,证明撂荒地主要为新垦地,垦荒与撂荒强度具有较明显正相关关联.撂荒诱因是人类驱动与自然生物物理效应复合作用.

The spatial distribution of reclaimed and abandoned land in Luopu of Hotan River Basin during the period of Republic of China based on the historical data

On the basis of the extant maps of Luopu reclamation area, Hotan District, in the period of the Republic of China (ROC), the archives of historical and geographical data were used in this research to reconstruct the historical evolution of the administrative division of Luopu reclamation area, to represent the story about the spatio-temporal changes of reclaimed land and abandoned land, and to rebuild the corresponding schematic maps of spatial patterns in the area during the ROC. The research would provide the foundation for spatial analysis of the cause-effect relationship between human factors and natural impetus affecting arable area at Luopu during the ROC. The results show: the activity of wasteland reclamation extended outward in the Luopu reclamation area during the ROC, and the places where the wasteland was reclaimed were mostly in the northwest, northeast to east of transitional belts from oasis to barren desert in the main reclamation area at oasis. The patches of reclaimed land were superimposed to the patches of abandoned land to a high degree, proving that the abandoned land was mainly produced from the newly reclaimed land and the strength of reclaimed wasteland was significantly correlated positively with that of abandoned land. The factors inducing land abandonment came from the combined effects of human driving force and biophysical effects.