淮北海孜煤矿断层与层间滑动构造组合型式及其形成机制

煤矿中煤层断层与层间滑动构造(简称层滑构造)发育普遍,可出现不同形式的组合。进行煤层断层与层滑构造及其组合型式的研究,对分析区域构造变形史、查明和预测煤层赋存规律、研究煤的耗散流变、煤层气的开发以及预防煤与瓦斯突出都具有重要作用。本文以淮北矿区海孜煤矿为例,在现场观测的基础上,分析总结了7、8、9和10煤层的断层与层滑构造的组合型式,并探讨了其形成机制。由于7、8、9和10煤层及顶、底板岩层组合的差异,不同煤层构造变形有较大区别。由于海孜煤矿岩层和煤层经历了多次构造活动,断层和层滑构造间产生了不同的空间组合,具体表现为3种型式:断层与层滑构造的同期扩展、断层与层滑构造组成块体及断层与层滑构造间的相互切割和限制。煤层的构造组合型式在很大程度上取决于构造应力作用、含煤地层的岩石力学性质和应变环境等。

GROUP PATTERNS OF INTERLAYER-GLIDING STRUCTURES AND FAULTS AND DEFORMATION CONDITIONS IN COAL SEAMS OF THE HAIZI MINE, NORTHERN ANHUI

In coal mines,faults and interlayer-gliding structures of coal seams are generally well developed, and formed varied group patterns. The study on faults and interlayer-gliding structures and its group patterns must play an important role in analyzing regional structural deformation history, in predicting occurrence regularity of coal seams in unexposed regions, in studying dissipative rheology of coal, in searching thick coal belts of gliding flow, in recognizing gas enrichmental regularity and in predicting coal and gas outburst. As a case study of the Haizi coal mine in northern Anhui, this paper, based on the site measured data, summarized the group patterns of faults and interlayer-gliding structures of No. 7, 8, 9 and 10 coal seams, and discussed their deformation mechanism. The results showed that, because of the disparity of stratigraphic associations of several coal seams and its tops and bottoms, tectonic deformations existed greater difference. Faults and interlayer-gliding structures had closely group relations. The formation was a result of tectonic stress fields of syn-phases. The Haizi coal mine area experienced several tectonic movement, so that the faults and interlayer-gliding structures there produced different groups, and specifically displayed three main patterns: contemporaneous expanding, forming mass movement and dissecting/limiting each other between faults and interlayer-gliding structures. Tectonic group patterns of coal seam depended on tectonic stress field, mechanical properties of rock of coal-bearing formation and surrounding environments.