前寒武纪的超大陆旋回及其板块构造演化意义

太古代末早古生代存在４次超大陆或大陆聚合时期，超大陆的聚合与裂解造成全球性的重大构造热事件，成为全球板块构造演化的主线，威尔逊旋回在早前寒武纪已明显起作用。超大陆的聚合表现为克拉通的增生与陆块的碰撞造山作用；超大型的裂解表现为非造山岩浆活动、大规模基性岩墙群侵位及大陆裂谷的爆发等。超大陆的裂解可能与地幔柱上涌或超大陆下放射性物质积聚造成的热能积累有关，或地外物质冲击的触发有关。华北克拉通与世界古陆块的前寒武纪构造演化对比，及其在超大陆中的拼合模式成为我国大陆地质学研究面临的挑战性重大科学问题。

SUPERCONTINENT CYCLE IN THE PRECAMBRIAN AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR THE PLATE TECTONICS

There are at least four periods of supercontinent or assembly of continents from the end of Neoarchean to early Paleozoic. The breakup and assembly of supercontinent resulted in global significant tectono thermal events, which also acted as a leading role in the global tectonic evolution. Wilson cycle began to play an important role in early Precambrian. The assembly of supercontinent is marked by accretion along the margins of craton, collision and suturing among continents, whereas the breakup of supercontinent is associated with widespread anorogenic magmatism, emplacement of mafic dyke swarms and development of continental rift systems. The breakup of supercontinent might be related with upwelling of mantle plume or thermal blanketing with the accumulation of radiometric element under continental lithosphere, or terrestrial impact. The tectonic correlation between ancient Chinese blocks(ACBs) with other typical continental blocks of the world in Precambrian, and the tectonic collage model of ACBs within the supercontinents became the challenging scientific question faced by Chinese geologists.