盐类矿床成因理论的新发展及其在矿床学上的地位

近二十年来,矿床学的发展进入了一个新的繁荣时期。随着大量新的地质资料的不断涌现,古典矿床学的学科范畴和传统概念,面临着现实的严峻挑战。盐类矿床通常被认为是一种特殊地质条件下的产物,“沙洲说”作为成盐理论的基础,也已稳固地统治了盐矿成因理论一百余年之久,这可能是古典矿床学中罕见的事例。但是,二十年来地质工作的

The advances in the theory of the Origin of salt deposits and their influence on the sutdy of mineral deposits

In the last score of years a series of new viewpoints have beenexpressed for the theorectical research on the origin of salt-deposits:salt deposits are natural products formed in a certa:in stage of rift-evolution; they are under the control of fracturing with salt substance derivedfrom multiple sources; mixing and percolation of brines have formedvarious sedimentary sections; a combined high mountain-deep valleysetting provides a complicated environment for the deposition of salts; playas have played an important part in salt-deposition. These view-points make it possible for us to formulate a new model of the origin of salts in place of the outmoded bar theory which has dominated the geologic circle for over a century.With the continual discovery of new mineral deposits the close relations between salt deposits and other mineral deposits have been corroborated. The salts are not only extensively related to various sedimentary mineral deposits (including organic ones), but also closely tied todeposits long considered to be of endogenic origin.Sabkha, metallogenesis of hot brines,the part played by salt substance in the transference and deposition of mineral matters and the assimilation of salts by magma are all processes which become effective onlywhen participated by salt substance. Thus, the old idea that salt doposits belong to anisolated and special type is beginning to lose its supporters. Plate tectonic researches have also brought to light the role played by salts during crustal evolution; and salt deposits are an inevitableproduct formod in a certain stage of rift-valley development,