纳米金属微粒发现——深穿透地球化学的微观证据

在400m深度隐伏铜镍矿上方气体和固体介质中同时发现纳米级铜等金属微粒。透射电镜下显像直观、质感,图像清晰。单个金属微粒呈球形或椭球形,多个微粒大多构成团聚体。单个金属微粒粒径主体在几十纳米,最小到10nm,大到上百个nm。微粒具有有序晶体结构。原位测量微粒成分为:①单一成分纳米自然铜微粒;②金属复合成分纳米微粒Cu-Fe,Cu-Ag,Cu-Cr,Cu-Ni,Cu-Fe-Mn;③含有Si、Al、Ca、O、P复杂成分的纳米Cu微粒。在地气和土壤中微粒大小、形貌特点和成分基本相似,同时微粒具有有序晶体结构。以上事实说明二者之间具有成因联系,即都来自于矿体。在实验室建立的模拟迁移柱,证实纳米金属微粒具有极强的穿透能力和快速迁移能力。这不仅为深穿透地球化学提供了直接的微观证据,而且为利用土壤作为采样介质的微粒分离深穿透地球化学技术寻找隐伏矿具有重要的应用价值。

Findings of Nanoscale Metal Particles: Evidence for Deep-penetrating Geochemistry

Nanoscale particles of metals were observed by TEM both in gases and in soils over a Cu-Ni deposit concealed at a depth of 400 m on the margin of Nanyang basin, Henan Province. Particle diameters range from several nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, and most of them are generally tens of meters in diameters with ordered crystal structure. The particles tend to occur in clusters. The particles are composed of native copper, compound metals of Cu-Fe, Cu-Fe-Mn, Cu-Ag, Cu-Cr, Cu-Ni, and compound metals with Si, Al, Ca, O and P. Gases and soils have similar particle sizes, shapes and compositions, suggesting that all these particles are from the concealed copper and nickel deposit. The experimentation in the lab shows that nanoscale metals have great penetration and fast migration capabilities. The findings provides direct observation evidence for deep-penetrating geochemistry using soil as sampling media in search for deeply concealed ore deposits.