南极纳尔逊冰帽的雪层及其成冰作用研究

纳尔逊冰帽雪—粒雪的演化依赖于融水渗浸冻结作用下的暖变质过程。积雪的密实化过程的快慢,取决于温度条件和融水的参与程度,以及自身的物理状况。粒雪的密实化过程表现为均匀且变幅小。纳尔逊冰帽成冰深度在23～25m,成冰历时17～19年。成冰带分为暖渗浸—重结晶带,渗浸—冻结带,消融带。

STRATIGRAPHIC STUDIES OF THE SNOW AND THE PROCESS OF THE ICE FORMATION ON NELSON ICE CAP, ANTARCTICA

The Nelson Ice Cap is a polar-maritime glacier. The development of snow and firn depends on wet metamorphic process under the effect of melting water infiltration-freezing. The velocity of densification process of snow depends on temperature condition, the amount of the melting water and itself physical characteristics. The process of densification appears in the form of homogenization and little change. The differences in climatic condition and amount of melting water cause differences in time, depth and shapes of the ice formation. The depth of the ice formation is about 23 to 25 m, and the time 17 to 19 years. Zones of the ice formation can be distinguished as warm infiltration-recrystallization, infiltration-congelation and ablation zones. The disrtibution of these zones is apparently influenced by climatic variation.