国土空间规划：基础设施与公共服务设施单幅总图的研制

基础设施的建设与布局是在遵循自然系统格局的基础上,由人类活动所引致的物质环境再建构和空间秩序再安排,是构建和引领区域空间结构的重要支撑体系,因此一直是区域发展类规划的重要组成部分。结合省级空间规划试点工作,提出符合空间规划目标的基础设施与公共服务设施编制方案与技术流程,强调专项规划与“三区三线”、空间布局总图的关系,并以福建省为例,设计了基础设施与公共服务设施单幅总图的编制技术流程,以期为其他地区空间规划的编制提供借鉴意义。

Research on a comprehensive map of infrastructure and public facilities for territory spatial planning

Infrastructure is a human-built system based on the physical environment, thus the layout of infrastructure network represents the relationship of human-related spatial interactions between places. Infrastructure system is not only an important component for shaping regional spatial structure, but also a key element for regional development. Since infrastructure is significant for leading and optimizing the spatial order of regional development, thus it is also necessary for spatial planning. The paper analyzes existing planning systems for infrastructure construction, and then provides a theoretical framework for planning infrastructures and public service facilities in spatial planning. The existing planning systems mainly have the following problems. Firstly, the content of public service facilities planning has not been valued. Secondly, the departmental segmentation of the transportation management system leads to a prominent interest of departments in the special plan. Last but not least, the relationships between planning levels are unreasonable, and a single general map covering all types of infrastructures is lacking. Therefore, from the perspective of overall spatial layout, the paper proposes a theoretical framework for the integrated planning of infrastructure and public service facilities based on the general patterns of social and economic development. The theoretical framework includes the content that should be covered by the planning scheme, the technical roadmap for working out the project, as well as key planning points on different spatial scales at the provincial, municipal, and county levels. What's more, combined with the network layout of transportation facilities and the spatial pattern of traffic activities, a technical framework of hub and corridor identification is designed. Finally, with the case study of Fujian, the paper explores the research flowchart for infrastructure and public service facilities, emphasizes the relationship between special planning, Three Zones and Three Lines (Three Zones represent ecological space, agricultural space, and urban space; Three Lines represent ecological conservation redline, permanent capital farmland, and urban development boundary) and spatial overall layout, aiming to provide experiences for spatial planning in other parts of China. In Fujian's spatial planning, we first design the special comprehensive map of public facilities and standardize some new legends. The comprehensive map of infrastructure system contains all elements such as energy facilities, water resource facilities, and information and communication facilities in addition to transport infrastructure.