旅游扶贫重点村空间可达性分布特征及影响因素研究

在国家提出乡村振兴和旅游扶贫政策的大背景下,为了发挥旅游交通在区域发展中的带动作用,为旅游扶贫重点村建设和加快区域脱贫提供理论依据,文章以湖北武陵山区258个旅游扶贫重点村为研究样本,运用栅格成本加权距离算法与地理加权回归模型(GWR)对其旅游交通可达性及影响因素在空间上影响程度及作用方向的差异进行了探究。研究发现：湖北武陵山区内旅游扶贫重点村的平均可达时间为1.82 h,区域整体可达性相对较差,出行成本较高;从自然及人文2个视角对旅游扶贫重点村可达性的影响因子进行提取,各个影响因子在区域上作用大小的排序为：距最邻近县市最短路径>高程>周边旅游资源禀赋>距河流最短距离>距周边景区最短距离>坡度,距河流最短距离及周边旅游资源禀赋与可达成本呈负相关关系,其余因素均与可达成本呈正相关关系;距周边景区最短距离与坡度值大小的单位变化对可达成本空间差异的影响不显著。

Spatial accessibility distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the tourism poverty alleviation key villages in Wuling Mountain area,Hubei Province

In the context of rural revitalization and poverty alleviation through tourism proposed by the state, in order to give play to the driving role of tourism transportation in regional development, it is important to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of key villages for poverty alleviation through tourism and the acceleration of regional poverty alleviation. Taking 258 tourism poverty alleviation key villages of in the Wuling Mountain area of Hubei Province as research samples, this study used the raster cost-weighted distance algorithm and the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model to explore the spatial differences in the accessibility of tourism transportation and the influence degree and direction of the influencing factors. The results show that: In the Wuling Mountain area, the average time to reach the tourism poverty alleviation key villages is 1.82 hours, the overall regional accessibility is relatively poor, and the travel cost is high. Factors affecting the accessibility of tourism poverty alleviation key villages in both the natural and social dimensions were extracted. The order of the impact of each influencing factor in the region is as follows: shortest path from the nearest county and city > elevation > tourism resource endowment in the surrounding area > shortest distance from a river > shortest distance from the surrounding scenic spot > slope. The shortest distance from a river and surrounding tourism resource endowment are negatively correlated with the cost of access, while other factors are positively correlated with the cost of access. The unit change of the shortest distance from the surrounding scenic spot and the slope value has relatively insignificant influence on the spatial difference of access cost.