基于Lancaster特性理论的旅游目的地选择模式——理论分析与江西省旅游客流的实证研究

针对传统旅游需求研究中对消费者与产品的属性和旅游流的时空特性的忽视,本文基于Lancaster的消费特性理论和旅游目的地映象理论,提出了旅游流的目的地选择的概念模式和分析模型,进一步拓展了Lancaster的消费特性理论在旅游中的应用,并以江西省国内入游旅游流为例进行了实证研究。

A tourist destination choice model based on Lancasterian characteristics theory and destination image theory:theoretical analysis and case study

The processes of tourism destination choice are influenced by both psychological variables(motivations,attitudes,beliefs and images) and non-psychological variables(time,destination attributes,perceived costs of tourism product,buyer characteristics and benefits sought).As tourism is an experience,it includes many intangible attributes,and does not offer the chances of trial experience.Tourist image affected by both stimulus elements of the product and the characteristics of the perceiver is a valuable concept in understanding the destination selection process.The inclusion of product characteristics or attributes in tourism analysis appears to strongly contribute towards the better understanding of travel choice behaviour.However,the traditional demand theory ignores the particularities of the product and the existing demand models exclude measures of traveller's attitudes including perceptions of service attributes and personal feelings toward different destinations and/or services.Therefore,despite its contribution to tourism research,the traditional demand theory is insufficient to justify comprehensively the direction of tourist flows in space and time.To address these issues,the paper has provided a conceptual mode and analysis model of tourism destination choice based on Lancasterian product characteristic theory and tourist destination image theory,which extends further the Lancaster product characteristic framework as applied to tourism.And the estimation of tourist preference ordering by utilising a conditional Logit analysis has been discussed.With the proposed model the characteristics of the tourism product/destination combined to generate a perception/feeling regarding the tourism destination in the mind of the tourists.Finally the conditional Logit model generates the probability of revisit given the characteristics of tourists and the Jiangxi tourism product.Because of the inter-disciplinary character of the research and the knowledge limits of the author,there are many areas in the research that deserve further to study,especially the application of the Lancasterian theory in tourist development and plan.