青藏铁路旅游线气候适宜性分析

本文利用10个气象站1991~2000年的气象观测数据,对青藏铁路旅游线的气候适宜性进行了评价。评价内容包括:生物气温指标、紫外辐射强度、大气含氧量以及障碍性天气等。得出如下结论:总的来看,青藏铁路沿线地区相对舒适的旅游气候条件集中出现于5~9月。该时段,生理气温舒适凉爽,空气含氧量比例较高,无炎热或热日,大风天气出现少。但是,紫外辐射较强,雷暴及冰雹出现的频率较高。旅游适宜期与适宜时段随海拔高度的上升而逐步缩短。位于铁路线两端的西宁、拉萨等地区的旅游气候条件最优,全年均较适宜旅游;五道梁、沱沱河、安多等高海拔地区的旅游适宜期较短,冬季的严寒和夏季(6、7月)的强紫外辐射对这些地区户外旅游活动的限制较大。

Climatic suitability for tourism along theQinghai-Tibet Railway

Qinghai-Tibet Railway,built through the high frigid plateau in western China,can considerably improve the traffic conditions of the districts along it.There are a great deal of world-class tourism resources along this railway.So,after the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is open to traffic the districts along it may become hotspots of tourism.On the occasion,tourism along the railway will spring up.However,some restricting factors such as climate condition,thin air,low atmospheric pressure and strong ultraviolet radiation may form obstacles in tourism development.It is a pity that,still now,tourism-climate research along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is nearly blank. Taking into account all the above unfavorable conditions and based on the meteorological data covering the period 1991-2000 from 10 weather stations,this paper assessed climatic suitability for tourism along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and intended to offer some scientific basis for the tourism development.In this paper,air temperature(as well as effects of humidity,wind velocity and sunshine hours are also considered),ultraviolet radiation,atmospheric pressure and disasterous weather are respectively analyzed as the index of climatic suitability for tourism.It is found that,(1) as a whole,May to September is the most suitable season of tourism along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.There are neither hot nor cold,windy days in this season.But in the duration there are relatively frequent strong ultraviolet radiation,thunderstorm and hailstone.(2) With the rise of altitude suitable days and hours for tourism are shortened.Along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,Lhasa and Xining,the terminals of the railway,are most suitable for tourism.However,Wudaoliang,Tuotuohe and Anduo have the shortest period with suitable climatic conditons for tourism because of cold weather(winter) and strong ultraviolet radiation(June,July).