近景摄影测量中不测定初始值的旋转矩阵构成方法研究

本文扼要地叙述了近景摄影测量中旋转矩阵构成的常用方法,同时分析比较各种算法的优缺点。文章介绍利用四维代数(又称四元数)描述旋转矩阵,详细论述利用这种方法计算外定向元素的P-H算法和单位四元数算法,以及与传统方法在运算过程中收敛性进行比较。在近景摄影测量应用实例中,试验表明这两种算法的可靠性和稳定性。实验同时说明利用四维代数描述旋转矩阵的方法灵活性大,该方法在平差时避免了大量的三角函数运算,保证在各种情况下收敛并获得良好的结果,具有迭代次数少,计算结果稳定等优点。

A research of the consruction of rotation matrix without approximate values in close-rang photogrammetry

The paper discussed the usual mode of construction of rotation matrix in close-rang photogrammetry,also analyzed and compared the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm.It introduced a method of using four-dimensional algebra to describe the rotation matrix,and calculate the exterior orientation elements by P-H algorithm or unit quaternion algorithm.A comparison between traditional method and new method in astringency was performed.The test proves the reliability and stability of these two algorithms in the application of close-rang photogrammetry.The test also shows that the new method is flexible and can ensure the constringency and gets well result in various instances.It needs fewer times in iteration and has steady result in calculation.