德国旅游开发对自然生态系统影响的研究述评

在当今世界，旅游业发展与生态环境保护之间的矛盾日益剧烈。德国的有关研究揭示，旅游开发主要通过旅游设施建设引起原始地形外貌的改变．游客增加对环境产生的污染，以及旅游干扰对生物界的威胁三个方面对自然生态环境造成压力，其中伴随着一系列负荷现象。鉴于将来旅游业任世界范同内势必进一步扩张．因而研究旅游业发展对生态系统可能产生的负面影响并提出切实町行的策略和措施是当前旅游研究者所面临的一项迫切任务。

A Review of the Impact of Tourism on Natural Ecosystems in Germany

The conflicts between tourism development and eco-environmental protection are becoming increasingly acute at present all over the world. The studies in Germany indicate that the natural ecosystems have been endangered through three aspects： the variation of original landscape due to the construction of tourist infrastructure, the environmental pollution caused by the growth of tourist arrivals, as well as the threat to the biological habitats through tourist disturbance, including a variety of ecological load appearances respectively. Considering the unavoidable worldwide further expansion of the tourist industry, the study of impact of tourism development on natural ecosystems und putting forward appropriate strategies and measures is an urgent task for the present tourist investigators.