五道梁地区的辐射特征

本文分析了1986年中美联合考察期间五道梁站的地面辐射平衡的气候学特征。五道梁地区夏季直接太阳辐射强,空气洁净,大气透明度好。太阳辐射在大气中的削弱以分子散射和臭氧吸收为主。总辐射中以散射为主。光谱反射率中太阳短波反射率为0.13,太阳红外反射率为0.25,雪面上二者接近;反射率受土壤湿度影响明显,在太阳高度角较小时,各波段反射率有不同的变化趋势。地表比辐射率约为0.90。地表净辐射和地面热源强度大。太阳紫外辐射大,占总辐射的比例也大。

CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIATION AT WUDAOLIANG REGION

In this paper the climatological characteristics of surface radiation budget at Wudaoliang station in the period of Sino-America cooperationa Expedition of 1986 are analysed. The climatological characteristics of surface radiation budget at Wudaoliang station during summer are as follows: The direct solar radiation was strong. Air was clean. Transparency of atmosphere was higher. The main components of attenuation of solar radiation in atmosphere were molecular scatter and ozone absorption. The main component of solar short-wave radiation was diffuse radiation. The albedo values were 0.13 in VIS and 0.25 in NIR at surface, and there was small difference between the Av and AH at snow cover. It was evident that albedo is affected by soil moisture. when solar height angle is lower, there were different changing tendency of albedo at different wave-bands. It was about 0.90 in surface emissivity. The surface net radiation and heat source intensity were strong. U.V. radiation was strong and its ratio to solar thort-wave radiation was higher.