中国城市市政公用设施投资与建设的区域差异及效率评价

利用2001~2010年相关统计数据,探讨中国城市市政公用设施投资建设的区域差异,并采用数据包络分析方法进行投资效率评价。研究表明：① 全国各省区累计投资差异较大,东部省区各分项设施建设投资均远高于中西部省区,但中西部省区投资的平均增速高于东部省区;② 研究时段内绝大部分省区分项设施建设水平都有较大幅度提高,2010年全国范围设施建设水平大致呈现由东部地区向中西部地区递减的格局。③ 设施投资效率区域差异大,在空间分布方面不具有明显的东中西梯度特征。研究认为,应首先着力提高建设效率,并进一步综合考虑投资能力与设施需求,及时调整投资力度,促进设施建设与社会经济发展需求相协调。

Regional Differences and Efficiency Evaluation of Urban Municipal Public Facilities in China

Urban municipal public facilities are the important support for accelerating urban modernization, making cities more livable and promoting urban development. It is of great significance to discuss the level of municipal public facilities and the efficiency of investment. Based on statistical data from 2001 to 2010, regional differences of urban municipal public facilities in construction and investment are discussed. Furthermore, using the method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the investment efficiency is evaluated. The results show that: 1) there exist large differences in cumulative investment among provinces. The average growth rate of investment in the central and western provinces is above the eastern provinces. The investment on different facilities projects in the eastern province is much higher than the central and western provinces. 2) The level of different public facilities in each province has a substantial increase. In 2010, the nationwide facility levels generally showed a decreasing trend from the eastern regions to the central and western regions. 3) There exist large regional differences in the efficiency of investment and its spatial distribution does not show obvious gradient change among the eastern, central and western regions. It is suggested that first and foremost, construction efficiency should be improved, and then, the level of investment and facilities should be considered together. Finally, according to urban development needs, it is necessary to timely adjust the investment to coordinate the relationship between facility construction and socio-economic development.